From Fourier Restriction to Number Theory, Combinatorics, and Fractal Geometry

Fourier series are classically used to construct solutions to partial differential equations such as the wave and Schrödinger equations. In Fourier restriction theory, additional conditions are imposed on the frequencies of these series, giving rise to a more geometric view of the underlying functions. We will discuss how to use this perspective to study diverse problems, like the distribution of prime numbers, size of arithmetic progressions in sets, and the Kakeya problem in fractal geometry.