In this lecture, Briony Fer, Professor of History of Art at University College London, looks at Malevich's systemic method, as it was elaborated in his work, writings, and teachings, and its ongoing relevance for subsequent generations of artists. Malevich's late work is examined as an intricate set of reflections on some of the problems raised by the systems that he set in the 1910s. Additionally, Fer argues that the Brazilian avant-garde of the late 1950s offers a radically reconfigured and innovative view of the significance of Malevich's work and its historical repercussions, which repays close attention today. This lecture is part of an art history lecture series cosponsored by the Institute for Advanced Study and the Department of Art and Archaeology at Princeton University.